Saturday, May 25, 2013

French University Decision Poses Potential Threat to French Language Teaching in the U.S.

A story on NPR today has me extremely rattled. Leaders in the Assemblée Nationale are considering allowing university courses in France to be taught in English in order to attract more international students for whom taking courses in French is prohibitive. The implications are significant.

  • I just left a contingent position at a midwestern university where there was no hope for a tenure track position in French. This is an institution where international business students don't have to have proficiency in a second language, where the admissions director, staff and the student tour groups who work for them regularly disparage the language courses and faculty who teach them, where Spanish majors are encouraged to study abroad in Ecuador where they take courses in English and live in English-speaking host families. If French leaders pass this law they will effectively confirm what the narrow-minded, ethnocentric faculty and staff at that university have been saying all along: there's no need to know a second language because everyone in the world speaks English. 
  • There's an assumption at work here too: aking classes like engineering, science or business in French is too difficult for international students. Therefore, to attract those students courses should be taught in English. First, are courses in the STEM fields inherently more difficult than in  other fields, like the humanities? I would strenuously argue that they are not. The discourse surrounding K-12 and higher education has created an image of them as more difficult (and also more valuable and important, but that will have to be the topic of a separate post...). Learning anything is a second language is going to be a challenge. I would bet there are hundreds of thousands of individuals living in the U.S. who do their daily work in a second or third language. I've personally been treated by medical doctors for whom English is not their first language. I had the pleasure of teaching and mentoring a recent graduate who double majored in French and biology, who speaks Spanish and English bilingually because her family is originally from Mexico. 
  • In that vein: France wants to attract international students from emerging countries like Korea and Brazil. Presumably those students struggle in courses in French because French is not their first language. English probably isn't their first language either! They are already surmounting a challenge by studying in any second language. Is the real problem that in countries like Korea and Brazil French is not as popular as English? There's the issue that needs to be addressed. While the U.S. historically played an important global economic role many believe that role is diminishing. Why not work to promote French education and related globally important industries (aerospace technology, pharmaceuticals, nuclear energy) to thereby promote its language? 
  • I wonder why, as a source in the article suggests, the French aren't doing more to recruit students from francophone countries? One likely reason is that many countries are underdeveloped (like Haiti), or are entrenched in significant political turmoil (like Côte d'Ivoire). I wonder if there is a demand from more affluent francophone regions such as Switzerland and Quebec...Also, is there an assumption that students from an African or Caribbean country won't have the intellect or potential to thrive in the French university system? Is there a degree of truth to that assumption, given how impoverished an tumultuous some of them are, making scolarité very, very difficult. 
Recruiting and retaining students in French courses is hard enough in the U.S. today. France's decision could make my chosen career path even harder.
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Tuesday, December 13, 2011

Playing with languages

The New York Times recently had a wonderful article about people who create languages, most notably for television shows and films. It reminded me of a recent conversation I had with a student who expressed her appreciation for a short unit on poetry because it helped her realize you can play with language.

I recommend checking it out.


Saturday, November 12, 2011

Guidelines for evalulating online education

Like most teachers I incorporate technology into my teaching on a regular basis. For example, I post materials on a course management site, I project resources from the internet during lessons, I regularly assign homework in online workbooks through the publishers of the textbooks I use. I realize this is only the tip of the iceberg and I'm aware that many leaders in higher education are proponents of online education models that typically allow enrolling greater numbers of (tuition paying) students for fewer (salary earning) instructors. I'm trying to be proactive about these trends by gradually familiarizing myself with online course delivery methods while it is still my choice and not a requirement of my job.

For this reason I'll be adding posts from time to time that focus on online education.

My latest example comes from The New York Times' recent "Education Life" section (Sun. Nov. 6, 2011).

Highlights that stood out to me:

  • So often it seems traditional 4 year colleges and universities insist on using curricula and practices that are "good" for students but that students don't necessary appreciate or value. I like this quote: "'Undeniably, the for-profits have a lot to teach us about improved service to students,' says Paul J. LeBlanc, president of Souther New Hampshire University..." (pg 10)
  • When trying to determine the quality of an online course "An instructor's relevant work experience may be of more value than scholarship. Check bios online for content-area expertise, and ask about how faculty is trained in online instruction (a 40-hour course is typical)" (pg 11).
  • In selecting an online course think about the skills you'll need to work with the technology. Good questions in this vein: "Do you have to navigate online tutorials to get started or does a live person guide you through registration and courseware? 'Just because you can Google and game doesn't mean you have the skills' to unpack a college's online setup, says Kenneth C. Green, founding director of the Campus Computing Project..." (pg 11). 

Credit for credentials

A recent article in The New York Times' "Education Life" section piqued my interest (Sun. Nov. 6, 2011).  Sam Kilb describes an initiative by The Department of Veterans Affairs to award $25,000 to someone who develops a "badge" that best serves veterans. "Badge" means recognition for a skill someone has developed outside of a traditional class, internship, work experience, or apprenticeship but that nonetheless has value and relevance to a wide audience. He cites the example of someone who has skills with arts and crafts could have them verified, assessed and awarded by a community group or company.

Although I work within a traditional academic setting, I am fascinated by the idea of rewarding people for the skills they pick up outside that setting. I think when we prioritize formal over informal learning we send a harsh message that only one kind of learner and skill set is valuable. We might also lose opportunities for important innovations and helpful insights that would improve businesses, schools, and organizations.

I'm not sure I'll have the chance to, but I would love to be a part of a movement to bring this kind of credential to my university.

Friday, July 1, 2011

Female vs male authors-is there a difference?

About two weeks ago a Nobel laureate publicly asserted that no woman writer could be his equal. Below is just one article on his comments.

"VS Naipaul finds no woman writer his literary match-not even Jane Austen"
By Amy Fallon
The Guardian
Thursday June 2, 2011
http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/jun/02/vs-naipaul-jane-austen-women-writers

Jane Austen
This story made me think about all the great writers out there and whether or not you can discern simply from reading their work if the author is a man or a woman. I'd like to offer a few examples from the French and Francophone literary world that contradict Mr. Naipaul's key assertions that 
1) women's writing is overly sentimental and 
2) women have a narrow world-view due to the fact they are not true masters of their homes.

  • Yasmina Khadra's Les Agneaux du Seigneur (In the Name of God) brilliantly complicates the question. Athough "Yasmina" is a female first name, it is actually the pseudonym of a former Algerian military officer. This novel depicts an Algerian village in the 1990s torn apart by civil conflicts over the appropriate role of religion in daily life. There are few female characters and even less sentimentality. It shocked many readers who were unaware of the author's pseudonym because women were supposed to be isolated from the brutalities he described.

  • Yasmina Khadra's The Attack goes in the other direction. In this novel an Arab Muslim living in Israel discovers his wife (also an Arab Muslim) was a suicide bomber who caused the deaths of numerous innocent people. He was not particularly religious and didn't realize how important her faith was to her. While grieving her loss, he must also comes to terms with the terrible act she has committed. Virtually every page drips with heart-wrenching sentimentality.

  • Chateaubriand's novels René and Atala capture the Romantic angst of early 19th century French literature. In these novels, and many others of the time authored by both men and women, reflect the "mal du siècle" or melancholy that came with the new century. The main characters are consumed by sentimentality and the struggle to find a meaningful path through life.



Chateaubriand
If sentimentality is the mark of women's writing, Mr. Naipaul should check out these examples. 

His comments also raise some excellent questions:

  • Is there automatically a correlation between the author's identity and the topics he/she describes?

  • If so, how much must a reader know about the author's background in order to understand his/her text?

  • Can a reader "feel" the identity of the author bleeding through his/her writing? If not, why not?

  • What do we make of texts that we think were authored by someone of one sex, only to find out we were wrong?

  • Hélène Cixous theorized that there is such a thing as "écriture féminine" but what exactly characterizes "feminine writing"? Can a male writer adopt those characteristics? (She thought a few could.)

  • VS Naipaul won the Nobel prize for literature, but he's also been criticized for his opinions on race and women. Should his talent absolve him of his shortcomings? Should Nobel prize winners be held to higher standards of conduct?